Evolutionarily conserved targets have been identified that are shared across malaria-parasite species and their life stages and are recognized by the human immune system.

By combining recordings from single neurons with artificial-intelligence techniques, specific brain cells have been identified that could enable humans to generate language. These cells, which are distributed broadly across the human brain, encode specific aspects of meaning and grammar and reflect how words are assembled into phrases and sentences.

In about 50% of people with colorectal cancer, tumour cells spread to distant organs. The ability of these metastases to grow into the liver tissue shapes prognosis. It emerges that liver fat promotes a form of liver metastasis with a poor prognosis, suggesting that individual-specific traits can inform risk stratification and treatment.

Buchnera bacteria that live in the cells of insects known as aphids secrete a protein called SyeA, which is crucial for colonization. The structural similarity of SyeA to proteins secreted by disease-causing bacteria indicates that the beneficial symbiotic relationship between Buchnera and aphids had pathogenic origins.